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Version 6.0 (2018)

RESPONSIBLE BUSINESS ALLIANCE CODE OF CONDUCT

The Responsible Business Alliance (RBA), formerly the Electronic Industry Citizenship Coalition

(EICC), Code of Conduct establishes standards to ensure that working conditions in the

electronics industry or industries in which electronics is a key component and its supply chains

are safe, that workers are treated with respect and dignity, and that business operations are

environmentally responsible and conducted ethically.

Considered as part of the electronics industry for purposes of this Code are all organizations

that may design, market, manufacture, or provide goods and services that are used to produce

electronic goods. The Code may be voluntarily adopted by any business in the electronics

sector and subsequently applied by that business to its supply chain and subcontractors,

including providers of contract labor.

To adopt the Code and become a participant (“Participant”), a business shall declare its support

for the Code and actively pursue conformance to the Code and its standards in accordance with

a management system as herein.

Participants must regard the Code as a total supply chain initiative. At a minimum, Participants

shall also require its next tier suppliers to acknowledge and implement the Code.

Fundamental to adopting the Code is the understanding that a business, in all of its activities,

must operate in full compliance with the laws, rules and regulations of the countries in which it

operates.1 The Code encourages Participants to go beyond legal compliance, drawing upon

internationally recognized standards, in order to advance social and environmental responsibility

and business ethics. In alignment with the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human

Rights, the provisions in this Code are derived from key international human rights standards

including the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work and the UN

Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

1 The Code is not intended to create new and additional third party rights, including for workers.

The RBA is committed to obtaining regular input from stakeholders in the continued

development and implementation of the Code of Conduct.

The Code is made up of five sections. Sections A, B, and C outline standards for Labor, Health

and Safety, and the Environment, respectively. Section D adds standards relating to business

ethics; Section E outlines the elements of an acceptable system to manage conformity to this

Code.

A. LABOR

Participants are committed to uphold the human rights of workers, and to treat them with dignity

and respect as understood by the international community. This applies to all workers including

temporary, migrant, student, contract, direct employees, and any other type of worker. The

recognized standards, as set out in the annex, were used as references in preparing the Code

and may be a useful source of additional information.

The labor standards are:

1) Freely Chosen Employment

Forced, bonded (including debt bondage) or indentured labor, involuntary or exploitative prison

labor, slavery or trafficking of persons shall not be used. This includes transporting, harboring,

recruiting, transferring or receiving persons by means of threat, force, coercion, abduction or

fraud for labor or services. There shall be no unreasonable restrictions on workers’ freedom of

movement in the facility in addition to unreasonable restrictions on entering or exiting company-

provided facilities. As part of the hiring process, workers must be provided with a written

employment agreement in their native language that contains a description of terms and

conditions of employment prior to the worker departing from his or her country of origin and

there shall be no substitution or change(s) allowed in the employment agreement upon arrival in

the receiving country unless these changes are made to meet local law and provide equal or

better terms.. All work must be voluntary and workers shall be free to leave work at any time or

terminate their employment Employers and agents may not hold or otherwise destroy, conceal,

confiscate or deny access by employees to their identity or immigration documents, such as

government-issued identification, passports or work permits, unless such holdings are required

by law. Workers shall not be required to pay employers’ or agents’ recruitment fees or other

related fees for their employment. If any such fees are found to have been paid by workers,

such fees shall be repaid to the worker.

2) Young Workers

Child labor is not to be used in any stage of manufacturing. The term “child” refers to any person

under the age of 15, or under the age for completing compulsory education, or under the

minimum age for employment in the country, whichever is greatest. The use of legitimate

workplace learning programs, which comply with all laws and regulations, is supported. Workers

under the age of 18 (Young Workers) shall not perform work that is likely to jeopardize their

health or safety, including night shifts and overtime. Participant shall ensure proper

management of student workers through proper maintenance of student records, rigorous due

diligence of educational partners, and protection of students’ rights in accordance with

applicable law and regulations. Participant shall provide appropriate support and training to all

student workers. In the absence of local law, the wage rate for student workers, interns and

apprentices shall be at least the same wage rate as other entry-level workers performing equal

or similar tasks.

3) Working Hours

Studies of business practices clearly link worker strain to reduced productivity, increased

turnover and increased injury and illness. . Working hours are not to exceed the maximum set

by local law. Further, a workweek should not be more than 60 hours per week, including

overtime, except in emergency or unusual situations. Workers shall be allowed at least one day

off every seven days.

4) Wages and Benefits

Compensation paid to workers shall comply with all applicable wage laws, including those

relating to minimum wages, overtime hours and legally mandated benefits. In compliance with

local laws, workers shall be compensated for overtime at pay rates greater than regular hourly

rates. Deductions from wages as a disciplinary measure shall not be permitted. For each pay

period, workers shall be provided with a timely and understandable wage statement that

includes sufficient information to verify accurate compensation for work performed. All use of

temporary, dispatch and outsourced labor will be within the limits of the local law.

5) Humane Treatment

There is to be no harsh and inhumane treatment including any sexual harassment, sexual

abuse, corporal punishment, mental or physical coercion or verbal abuse of workers; nor is

there to be the threat of any such treatment. Disciplinary policies and procedures in support of

these requirements shall be clearly defined and communicated to workers.

6) Non-Discrimination

Participants should be committed to a workforce free of harassment and unlawful discrimination.

Companies shall not engage in discrimination based on race, color, age, gender, sexual

orientation, gender identity and expression, ethnicity or national origin, disability, pregnancy,

religion, political affiliation, union membership, covered veteran status, protected genetic

information or marital status in hiring and employment practices such as wages, promotions,

rewards, and access to training. Workers shall be provided with reasonable accommodation for

religious practices. In addition, workers or potential workers should not be subjected to medical

tests or physical exams that could be used in a discriminatory way.

7) Freedom of Association

In conformance with local law, participants shall respect the right of all workers to form and join

trade unions of their own choosing, to bargain collectively and to engage in peaceful assembly

as well as respect the right of workers to refrain from such activities. Workers and/or their

representatives shall be able to openly communicate and share ideas and concerns with

management regarding working conditions and management practices without fear of

discrimination, reprisal, intimidation or harassment.

B. HEALTH and SAFETY

Participants recognize that in addition to minimizing the incidence of work-related injury and

illness, a safe and healthy work environment enhances the quality of products and services,

consistency of production and worker retention and morale. Participants also recognize that

ongoing worker input and education is essential to identifying and solving health and safety

issues in the workplace.

Recognized management systems such as OHSAS 18001 and ILO Guidelines on Occupational

Safety and Health were used as references in preparing the Code and may be a useful source

of additional information.

The health and safety standards are:

1) Occupational Safety

Worker potential for exposure to safety hazards (e.g., chemical, electrical and other energy

sources, fire, vehicles, and fall hazards) are to be identified and assessed, and controlled

through proper design, engineering and administrative controls, preventative maintenance and

safe work procedures (including lockout/tagout), and ongoing safety training. Where hazards

cannot be adequately controlled by these means, workers are to be provided with appropriate,

well-maintained, personal protective equipment and educational materials about risks to them

associated with these hazards. Reasonable steps must also be taken to remove pregnant

women/nursing mothers from working condition with high hazards, remove or reduce any

workplace health and safety risks to pregnant women and nursing mothers including those

associated with their work assignments, as well as include reasonable accommodations for

nursing mothers.

2) Emergency Preparedness

Potential emergency situations and events are to be identified and assessed, and their impact

minimized by implementing emergency plans and response procedures including: emergency

reporting, employee notification and evacuation procedures, worker training and drills,

appropriate fire detection and suppression equipment, clear and unobstructed egress adequate

exit facilities and recovery plans. Such plans and procedures shall focus on minimizing harm to

life, the environment and property.

3) Occupational Injury and Illness

Procedures and systems are to be in place to prevent, manage, track and report occupational

injury and illness including provisions to: encourage worker reporting; classify and record injury

and illness cases; provide necessary medical treatment; investigate cases and implement

corrective actions to eliminate their causes; and facilitate return of workers to work.

4) Industrial Hygiene

Worker exposure to chemical, biological and physical agents is to be identified, evaluated, and

controlled according to the hierarchy of controls. Potential hazards are to be eliminated or

controlled through proper design, engineering and administrative controls. When hazards

cannot be adequately controlled by such means, workers are to be provided with and use

appropriate, well-maintained, personal protective equipment. Protective programs shall include

educational materials about the risks associated with these hazards.

5) Physically Demanding Work

Worker exposure to the hazards of physically demanding tasks, including manual material

handling and heavy or repetitive lifting, prolonged standing and highly repetitive or forceful

assembly tasks is to be identified, evaluated and controlled.

6) Machine Safeguarding

Production and other machinery shall be evaluated for safety hazards. Physical guards,

interlocks and barriers are to be provided and properly maintained where machinery presents

an injury hazard to workers.

7) Sanitation, Food, and Housing

Workers are to be provided with ready access to clean toilet facilities, potable water and

sanitary food preparation, storage, and eating facilities. Worker dormitories provided by the

Participant or a labor agent are to be maintained to be clean and safe, and provided with

appropriate emergency egress, hot water for bathing and showering, adequate lighting heat and

ventilation, individually secured accommodations for storing personal and valuable items, and

reasonable personal space along with reasonable entry and exit privileges.

8) Health and Safety Communication

Participant shall provide workers with appropriate workplace health and safety information and

training in the language of the worker or in a language the worker can understand for all

identified workplace hazards that workers are exposed to, including but not limited to

mechanical, electrical, chemical, fire, and physical hazards.. Health and safety related

information shall be clearly posted in the facility or placed in a location identifiable and

accessible by workers. Training is provided to all workers prior to the beginning of work and

regularly thereafter. Workers shall be encouraged to raise safety concerns

C. ENVIRONMENTAL

Participants recognize that environmental responsibility is integral to producing world class

products. In manufacturing operations, adverse effects on the community, environment and

natural resources are to be minimized while safeguarding the health and safety of the public.

Recognized management systems such as ISO 14001 and the Eco Management and Audit

System (EMAS) were used as references in preparing the Code and may be a useful source of

additional information.

The environmental standards are:

1) Environmental Permits and Reporting

All required environmental permits (e.g. discharge monitoring), approvals and registrations are

to be obtained, maintained and kept current and their operational and reporting requirements

are to be followed.

2) Pollution Prevention and Resource Reduction

Emissions and discharges of pollutants and generation of waste are to be minimized or

eliminated at the source or by practices such as adding pollution control equipment; modifying

production, maintenance and facility processes; or by other means. The use of natural

resources, including water, fossil fuels, minerals and virgin forest products, is to be conserved or

by practices such as modifying production, maintenance and facility processes, materials

substitution, re-use, conservation, recycling or other means.

3) Hazardous Substances

Chemicals and other materials posing a hazard to humans or the environment are to be

identified, labelled and managed to ensure their safe handling, movement, storage, use,

recycling or reuse and disposal.

4) Solid Waste

Participant shall implement a systematic approach to identify, manage, reduce, and

responsibly dispose of or recycle solid waste (non-hazardous).

5) Air Emissions

Air emissions of volatile organic chemicals, aerosols, corrosives, particulates, ozone depleting

chemicals and combustion by-products generated from operations are to be characterized,

routinely monitored, controlled and treated as required prior to discharge. Participant shall

conduct routine monitoring of the performance of its air emission control systems.

6) Materials Restrictions

Participants are to adhere to all applicable laws, regulations and customer requirements

regarding prohibition or restriction of specific substances in products and manufacturing,

including labeling for recycling and disposal.

7) Water Management

Participant shall implement a water management program that documents, characterizes, and

monitors water sources, use and discharge; seeks opportunities to conserve water; and controls

channels of contamination. All wastewater is to be characterized, monitored, controlled, and

treated as required prior to discharge or disposal. Participant shall conduct routine monitoring of

the performance of its wastewater treatment and containment systems to ensure optimal

performance and regulatory compliance.

8) Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Energy consumption and all relevant Scopes 1 and 2 greenhouse gas emissions are to be

tracked and documented, at the facility and/or corporate level. Participants are to look for cost-

effective methods to improve energy efficiency and to minimize their energy consumption and

greenhouse gas emissions.

D. ETHICS

To meet social responsibilities and to achieve success in the marketplace, Participants and their

agents are to uphold the highest standards of ethics including:

1) Business Integrity

The highest standards of integrity are to be upheld in all business interactions. Participants shall

have a zero tolerance policy to prohibit any and all forms of bribery, corruption, extortion and

embezzlement.

2) No Improper Advantage

Bribes or other means of obtaining undue or improper advantage are not to be promised,

offered, authorized, given or accepted. This prohibition covers promising, offering, authorizing,

giving or accepting anything of value, either directly or indirectly through a third party, in order to

obtain or retain business, direct business to any person, or otherwise gain an improper

advantage. Monitoring and enforcement procedures shall be implemented to ensure compliance

with anti-corruption laws.

3) Disclosure of Information

All business dealings should be transparently performed and accurately reflected on

Participant’s business books and records. Information regarding participant labor, health and

safety, environmental practices, business activities, structure, financial situation and

performance is to be disclosed in accordance with applicable regulations and prevailing industry

practices. Falsification of records or misrepresentation of conditions or practices in the supply

chain are unacceptable.

4) Intellectual Property

Intellectual property rights are to be respected; transfer of technology and know- how is to be

done in a manner that protects intellectual property rights; and, customer and supplier

information is to be safeguarded.

5) Fair Business, Advertising and Competition

Standards of fair business, advertising and competition are to be upheld.

6) Protection of Identity and Non-Retaliation

Programs that ensure the confidentiality, anonymity and protection of supplier and employee

whistleblowers2 are to be maintained, unless prohibited by law. Participants should have a

communicated process for their personnel to be able to raise any concerns without fear of

retaliation.

2 Whistleblower definition: Any person who makes a disclosure about improper conduct by an employee or officer of a company, or by a public

official or official body.

7) Responsible Sourcing of Minerals

Participants shall have a policy to reasonably assure that the tantalum, tin, tungsten and gold in

the products they manufacture does not directly or indirectly finance or benefit armed groups

that are perpetrators of serious human rights abuses in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

or an adjoining country. Participants shall exercise due diligence on the source and chain of

custody of these minerals and make their due diligence measures available to customers upon

customer request.

8) Privacy

Participants are to commit to protecting the reasonable privacy expectations of personal

information of everyone they do business with, including suppliers, customers, consumers and

employees. Participants are to comply with privacy and information security laws and regulatory

requirements when personal information is collected, stored, processed, transmitted, and

shared.

E. MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

Participants shall adopt or establish a management system whose scope is related to the

content of this Code. The management system shall be designed to ensure: (a) compliance with

applicable laws, regulations and customer requirements related to the participant’s operations

and products; (b) conformance with this Code; and (c) identification and mitigation of operational

risks related to this Code. It should also facilitate continual improvement.

The management system should contain the following elements:

1) Company Commitment

A corporate social and environmental responsibility policy statements affirming Participant’s

commitment to compliance and continual improvement, endorsed by executive management

and posted in the facility in the local language.

2) Management Accountability and Responsibility

The Participant clearly identifies senior executive and company representative[s] responsible for

ensuring implementation of the management systems and associated programs. Senior

management reviews the status of the management system on a regular basis.

3) Legal and Customer Requirements

A process to identify, monitor and understand applicable laws, regulations and customer

requirements, including the requirements of this Code.

4) Risk Assessment and Risk Management

A process to identify the legal compliance, environmental, health and safety3 and labor practice

and ethics risks associated with Participant’s operations. Determination of the relative

significance for each risk and implementation of appropriate procedural and physical controls to

control the identified risks and ensure regulatory compliance

3 Areas to be included in a risk assessment for environmental health and safety are production areas, warehouse and storage facilities,

plant/facilities support equipment, laboratories and test areas, sanitation facilities (bathrooms), kitchen/cafeteria and worker

housing/dormitories.

5) Improvement Objectives

Written performance objectives, targets and implementation plans to improve the Participant’s

social and environmental performance, including a periodic assessment of Participant’s

performance in achieving those objectives.

6) Training

Programs for training managers and workers to implement Participant’s policies, procedures

and improvement objectives and to meet applicable legal and regulatory requirements.

7) Communication

A process for communicating clear and accurate information about Participant’s policies,

practices, expectations and performance to workers, suppliers and customers.

8) Worker Feedback, Participation and Grievance

Ongoing processes, including an effective grievance mechanism, to assess employees’

understanding of and obtain feedback on or violations against practices and conditions covered

by this Code and to foster continuous improvement.

9) Audits and Assessments

Periodic self-evaluations to ensure conformity to legal and regulatory requirements, the content

of the Code and customer contractual requirements related to social and environmental

responsibility.

10) Corrective Action Process

A process for timely correction of deficiencies identified by internal or external assessments,

inspections, investigations and reviews.

11) Documentation and Records

Creation and maintenance of documents and records to ensure regulatory compliance and

conformity to company requirements along with appropriate confidentiality to protect privacy.

12) Supplier Responsibility

A process to communicate Code requirements to suppliers and to monitor supplier compliance

to the Code.

REFERENCES

The following standards were used in preparing this Code and may be a useful source of

additional information. The following standards may or may not be endorsed by each

Participant.

Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act

http://www.sec.gov/about/laws/wallstreetreform-cpa.pdf

Eco Management & Audit System http://ec.europa.eu/environment/emas/index_en.htm

Ethical Trading Initiative www.ethicaltrade.org/

ILO Code of Practice in Safety and Health

www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cops/english/download/e000013.pdf

ILO International Labor Standards

www.ilo.org/public/english/standards/norm/whatare/fundam/index.htm

ISO 14001 www.iso.org

National Fire Protection Association www.nfpa.org/catalog/home/AboutNFPA/index.asp

OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict-

Affected and High Risk Areas http://www.oecd.org/corporate/mne/mining.htm

OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises

http://www.oecd.org/investment/mne/1903291.pdf

OHSAS 18001 http://www.bsigroup.com/en-GB/ohsas-18001-occupational-health-and-safety/

Universal Declaration of Human Rights www.un.org/Overview/rights.html

United Nations Convention Against Corruption https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/treaties/CAC/

United Nations Global Compact www.unglobalcompact.org

United States Federal Acquisition Regulation www.acquisition.gov/far/

SA 8000 http://www.sa-intl.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=Page.ViewPage&PageID=937

Social Accountability International (SAI) www.sa-intl.org

DOCUMENT HISTORY

Version 1.0 – Released October 2004.

Version 1.1 – Released May 2005. Converted document to RBA format, minor page layout

revisions; no content changes.

Version 2.0 – Released October 2005 with revisions to multiple provisions. Version 3.0 –

Released June 2009 with revisions to multiple provisions.

Version 4.0 – Released April 2012 with revisions to multiple provisions. Version 5.0 – Released

November 2014 with revisions to multiple provisions.

Version 5.1 – Released March 2015 with revision to A1 to take effect January 1, 2016.

Version 6.0 – Released January 2018 with revisions to multiple provisions.

The RBA Code of Conduct was initially developed by a number of companies engaged in the

manufacture of electronics products between June and October 2004. Companies are invited

and encouraged to adopt this Code. You may obtain additional information from

responsiblebusiness.org

原文见下面的笔顿贵：

RBACodeofConduct6(1).pdf